Which of the following is an advantage of GMDSS over the previous system?

The advantage of GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System) over previous systems primarily lies in its enhancement of ship-shore communications. GMDSS utilizes a suite of digital communication technologies that allow for automated distress alerts, which significantly improves response times and accuracy. Unlike older systems that relied on voice communications and manual signaling, GMDSS provides automatic alerts that include critical information such as the vessel's position and the nature of the distress.

This automation reduces the potential for human error and ensures that emergency messages are received quickly by rescue services, thereby increasing safety at sea. Moreover, GMDSS employs multiple communication systems, including satellite communication, which further extends the reach and robustness of maritime communications beyond the limitations of traditional radio systems used in earlier maritime safety protocols.